{"id":39160,"date":"2026-03-03T14:28:07","date_gmt":"2026-03-03T19:28:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/?post_type=journal-entry&p=39160"},"modified":"2026-03-11T22:59:29","modified_gmt":"2026-03-12T02:59:29","slug":"%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"journal-entry","link":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629: \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f: <\/strong>\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u063a\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0634\u0651\u062d \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0632 \/ <\/strong>\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1977) \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007) \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 66\/209 (2011) \u064869\/228 (2014)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f\u060c A\/S-32\/L.1 (2021)\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 (Bouckaert and Put 2016)\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0627 (Pollitt and Summa 1997) (Power 2009). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f (Dye and Stapenhurst 1998)\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 (\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 2023)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0633 2019). \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0636\u0649. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u062c\u0650\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Pierre and De Fine Licht 2017).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644: \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 2024) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0651\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/em> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/em> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Blume and Voigt 2011). \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0651\u0631 \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2023 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 13\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0647 166 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2020-2022. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0633\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u0651\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 “\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642” (1)\u060c \u0648”\u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629” (2)\u060c \u0648”\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631” (3)\u060c \u0648”\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u062f” (4). \u0648\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 (\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631<\/em> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/em> \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629). \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 – \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u2013 \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0646 (\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631<\/em> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631<\/em> \u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u062f) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0646\u0645\u0637\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a (75%)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 (74%)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 (72%)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 (69%). \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0644\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 (68%) \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 (66%). \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f 41% \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0648 46% \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0648 57% \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0651\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 1: <\/strong>\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u0651\u063a \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 (2020-2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0640 IDI \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2023<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 – \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u062a\u0634\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u064a\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0651\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0651\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0651\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064c \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0636 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0651\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062a\u062f\u064f\u0651 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0636 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u063a\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/em> \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. Blume, Lorenz, and Stefan Voigt. 2011. \u201cDoes organizational design of supreme audit institutions matter? A cross-country assessment.\u201d European Journal of Political Economy<\/em> 27 (2): 215-229.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Bouckaert, Geert , and Vital Put. 2016. \u201cManaging Performance and Auditing Performanc.\u201d In The Ashgate Research Companion to New Public Management) eBook(<\/em>, by Tom Christensen and Per L\u00e6greid, 223-236. London: Routledge.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Dye, Kenneth M., and Rick Stapenhurst. 1998. \u201cPillars of Integrity: The Importance of Supreme Audit Institutions in Curbing Corruption.\u201d sirc.idi.no.<\/em> https:\/\/sirc.idi.no\/document-database\/documents\/development-partner-publications\/43-pillars-of-integrity-the-importance-of-supreme-audit-institutions-in-curbing-corruption\/file<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Fredriksen, Camilla. 2023. \u201cGlobal SAI Stocktaking Report 2023.\u201d idi.no.<\/em> https:\/\/idi.no\/elibrary\/global-sai-stocktaking-reports-and-research\/2001-global-sai-stocktaking-report-2023-english\/file<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2023\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629: https:\/\/idi.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/GSR2023_AR.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a\u060c 1977. “\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a-1\u060c \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627”: https:\/\/www.intosai.org\/fileadmin\/downloads\/documents\/open_access\/INT_P_1_u_P_10\/INTOSAI_P_1_ar_2019.pdf<\/a><\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  7. 2007\u060c \u201c\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a-10\u060c \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629: https:\/\/www.intosai.org\/fileadmin\/downloads\/documents\/open_access\/INT_P_1_u_P_10\/INTOSAI_P_10_ar_2019.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  8. OISC\/CPLP. 2023. \u201cSumario Executivo. \u00c1reas protegidas: auditoria coordenada.\u201d : <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  9. agora-parl.org. https:\/\/agora-parl.org\/sites\/default\/files\/palop-publications\/web-Sum\u00e1rio%20Executivo%20ACAP_v09.pdf<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  10. OLACEFS; 2019 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0633 2019); Auditor\u00eda Iberoamericana sobre el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 5: Igualdad de G\u00e9nero.\u201d: <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  11. olacefs.com. https:\/\/olacefs.com\/gtg\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2021\/12\/04-00-Informe-ODS-5-ESP.pdf<\/a>.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  12. Pierre, Jon, and Jenny De Fine Licht. 2017. \u201cHow do supreme audit institutions manage their autonomy and impact? A comparative analysis.\u201d Journal of European Public Policy<\/em> 26 (2): 226-245.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  13. Pollitt, Christopher, and Hilkka Summa. 1997. \u201cReflexive Watchdogs? How Supreme Audit Institutions Account for Themselves.\u201d Public Administration<\/em> 313-336.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  14. Power, Michael. 2009. \u201cThe Theory of the Audit Explosion.\u201d Em The Oxford Handbook of Public Management<\/em> de Ewan Ferlie, Laurence E. Lynn e Christopher Pollitt, 326\u2013344. Oxford University Press.- Prasad, Awadhesh. 2018. \u201cEnvironmental Performance Auditing in the Public Sector.\u201d taylorfrancis.com.<\/em> 13 de June. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9781351273480<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1977) \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007) \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 66\/209 (2011) \u064869\/228 (2014)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f\u060c A\/S-32\/L.1 (2021)\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":421,"featured_media":39154,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"journal-categories":[4380],"content-tags":[1416,1585,1567],"country":[],"region":[],"section":[15,1749],"coauthors":[4415,4153],"class_list":["post-39160","journal-entry","type-journal-entry","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","journal-categories-q4-2025-ar","content-tags-1416","content-tags-1585","content-tags-1567","section-featured-articles","section-1749"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629: \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 - INTOSAI Journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627-\u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629: \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 - INTOSAI Journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1977) \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007) \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 66\/209 (2011) \u064869\/228 (2014)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f\u060c A\/S-32\/L.1 (2021)\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627-\u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"INTOSAI Journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-03-12T02:59:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Q4-2025-Scanning-Supreme-Audit-Institutions-Independence-A-spotlight-on-indirect-interference.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1326\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"880\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@intosaijournal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"Nicol\u00e1s Lagos, Osvaldo Rudloff Pulgar\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7\/\",\"name\":\"\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629: \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 - INTOSAI Journal\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Q4-2025-Scanning-Supreme-Audit-Institutions-Independence-A-spotlight-on-indirect-interference.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-03-03T19:28:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-03-12T02:59:29+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Q4-2025-Scanning-Supreme-Audit-Institutions-Independence-A-spotlight-on-indirect-interference.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Q4-2025-Scanning-Supreme-Audit-Institutions-Independence-A-spotlight-on-indirect-interference.png\",\"width\":1326,\"height\":880,\"caption\":\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: Adobe Stock Images\u060c Parradee\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/ar\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629: \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/\",\"name\":\"INTOSAI Journal\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ar\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/#organization\",\"name\":\"INTOSAI Journal\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/intosai.nclud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/intosai.nclud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/logo.png\",\"width\":736,\"height\":122,\"caption\":\"INTOSAI Journal\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/x.com\/intosaijournal\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629: \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 - INTOSAI Journal","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627-\u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\/","og_locale":"ar_AR","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629: \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 - INTOSAI Journal","og_description":"\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1977) \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007) \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 66\/209 (2011) \u064869\/228 (2014)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f\u060c A\/S-32\/L.1 (2021)\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627-\u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\/","og_site_name":"INTOSAI Journal","article_modified_time":"2026-03-12T02:59:29+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1326,"height":880,"url":"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Q4-2025-Scanning-Supreme-Audit-Institutions-Independence-A-spotlight-on-indirect-interference.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@intosaijournal","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"8 minutes","Written by":"Nicol\u00e1s Lagos, Osvaldo Rudloff Pulgar"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7\/","url":"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7\/","name":"\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629: \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 - INTOSAI Journal","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Q4-2025-Scanning-Supreme-Audit-Institutions-Independence-A-spotlight-on-indirect-interference.png","datePublished":"2026-03-03T19:28:07+00:00","dateModified":"2026-03-12T02:59:29+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ar","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Q4-2025-Scanning-Supreme-Audit-Institutions-Independence-A-spotlight-on-indirect-interference.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Q4-2025-Scanning-Supreme-Audit-Institutions-Independence-A-spotlight-on-indirect-interference.png","width":1326,"height":880,"caption":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: Adobe Stock Images\u060c Parradee"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.intosaijournal.org\/ar\/journal-entry\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%87%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/ar\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629: \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/","name":"INTOSAI Journal","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ar"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/#organization","name":"INTOSAI Journal","url":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/intosai.nclud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/intosai.nclud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/logo.png","width":736,"height":122,"caption":"INTOSAI Journal"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/x.com\/intosaijournal"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/journal-entry\/39160","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/journal-entry"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/journal-entry"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/421"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/journal-entry\/39160\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39700,"href":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/journal-entry\/39160\/revisions\/39700"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39154"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39160"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"journal-categories","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/journal-categories?post=39160"},{"taxonomy":"content-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content-tags?post=39160"},{"taxonomy":"country","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/country?post=39160"},{"taxonomy":"region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/region?post=39160"},{"taxonomy":"section","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/section?post=39160"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/intosaijournal.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=39160"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}